Model Matematika Dinamika Persaingan Dua Partai Politik

Abstract

Democracy positions the public as the highest authority in formulating policy through electoral mechanisms. Elections serve as a democratic instrument to select leaders, with political parties playing a crucial role in organizing society and mobilizing support. The high potential for inter-party electoral migration demands strategic measures to regain constituent sympathy. This research aims to understand the dynamics of voter support shifts and political system stability through a mathematical model. The population is divided into three groups: undecided voters, supporters of Party B, and supporters of Party C. Four equilibrium points were identified: the political free equilibrium point, the equilibrium point for Party B existence, the equilibrium point for Party C existence, and the co-existence equilibrium point for both parties. Based on the simulation analysis, the results indicate that
system stability depends on parameters such as the voter transition rate and inactivity factors.